本周12C终于如愿以偿的发布了,那么作为Oracle的忠实Fans,必须得下一个来试试啊。顺便把操作系统也换成了OEL 6。其实在发布之前我也已经玩过测试版了。安装起来和11g差不多的。这里我就不继续啰嗦。我的安装指导性文档来源于MOS。Requirements for Installing Oracle Database 12.1 on RHEL6 or OL6 64-bit (x86-64) [ID 1529864.1]。下面我们来揭开12C的面纱。
1.操作系统需求
Oracle Linux 5 Update 6或者更高以上版本。
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Update 6或者更高以上版本。
Oracle Linux 6
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
2.安装默认的软件包
Oracle推荐在安装操作系统的时候,选择安装默认的软件包。这里可以参考文档:Note 376183.1
Base System > Base Base System > Compatibility libraries Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities Base System > Large Systems Performance Base System > Network file system client Base System > Performance Tools Base System > Perl Support Servers > Server Platform Servers > System administration tools Desktops > Desktop Desktops > Desktop Platform Desktops > Fonts Desktops > General Purpose Desktop Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools Desktops > Input Methods Desktops > X Window System Applications > Internet Browser Development > Additional Development Development > Development Tools
3.Linux内核需求
Oracle Linux 6 with the Unbreakable Enterprise kernel: 2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 or later
Oracle Linux 6 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 or later
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6: 2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 or later
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel: 2.6.32-100.28.5.el6.x86_64 or later
4.安装软件包需求
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libXext-1.1 (x86_64) libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64) libX11-1.3 (x86_64) libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64) libxcb-1.5 (x86_64) libXi-1.3 (x86_64) make-3.81-19.el6 sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64) gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) ksh? <== any version of ksh is acceptable libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
5.内核参数设置
kernel.shmall=393216 kernel.shmmax=1610612736 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 1/2 of physical memory in pages,
kernel.shmmax = 1/2 of physical memory in bytes.
这两个值和物理内存有关系,我的虚拟机设置的3G内存。那么这儿就应该设置kernel.shmmax=1610612736,然后用这个值除以页面值,默认页面是4096。所以kernel.shmall=393216。
6.设置Shell Limits
oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 10240
在/etc/security/limits.conf下面设置Shell Limits配置。
7.关闭selinux,修改/etc/selinux/config文件
SELINUX=disabled
8.关闭防火墙
service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off
9.设置主机名,修改/etc/hosts文件
192.168.56.194? db12c.localdomain db12c
10.创建用户
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall groupadd -g 54322 dba groupadd -g 54323 oper useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle passwd oracle
由于有些功能我不需要使用,我只是基本安装,所以这儿我就只创建了默认的用户。如果有特殊需求,可以建立特殊的用户,比如backupdba、dgdba、kmdba、asmdba、asmoper、asmadmin。
11.建立文件夹
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
12.设置Oracle环境变量
# Oracle Settings TMP=/tmp; export TMP TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID=DB12C; export ORACLE_SID PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
13.上传介质,安装数据库
./runInstaller
安装截图如下:
安装完成之后,先netca创建监听,然后dbca开始建库
有变化的地方在这儿。多了创建CDB和PDB的选项。这里我创建了一个CBD和三个PDB。
全新的EM Express值得尝试
安装完了之后,我们可以通过最新的EM Express 12C来查看我们的数据库状态。
[oracle@db12c bin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jun 29 16:25:53 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options SQL> select dbms_xdb_config.gethttpsport() from dual; DBMS_XDB_CONFIG.GETHTTPSPORT() ------------------------------ 5500
接下来通过
https://192.168.56.194:5500/em来访问
参考文档:
Requirements for Installing Oracle Database 12.1 on RHEL6 or OL6 64-bit (x86-64) [ID 1529864.1]
Oracle? Database 2 Day DBA 12c Release 1 (12.1)? —Starting EM Express
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